Taking the Mystery Out of Retirement
Retirement Planning
Chapter 3
Inflation & Your Future
Inflation, in its simplest terms, means that dollar for dollar, your money will not buy as much next year as it does this year. This means inflation is a major factor in determining how much money you will need in retirement since, to cover inflation’s impact, you will need more money every year. In other words, if your money is not earning more than the rate of inflation, you will lose part of your nest egg’s buying power.
You can’t predict and you can’t control inflation. The only accurate inflation rates are from the past, and they vary widely. In 1980, overall prices went up a whopping 13.5 percent; in 2002, they went up only 1.6 percent. Looking at the past shows how rates may vary widely.
Healthcare costs rising faster than inflation
One exception to low inflation rates is medical costs, which have risen faster than inflation over the past 20 years, and which some experts think will rise about 10 percent a year over the coming years. If you have, or your family history includes, a serious medical condition like heart disease, you will probably spend more on healthcare than you ever imagined. In fact, the consulting firm of Hewitt Associates estimates that, on average, 20 percent of retiree income will be spent on health care.
While Medicare is a great benefit to persons 65 and older, it does not cover all medical costs – deductibles, co-payments, and long-term care, for example. Medicare Part A covers hospital care only. Medicare Part B, an additional insurance you will be offered when you become 65, covers doctors’ services, outpatient hospital care and things like physical and occupational therapy and some home health care. The current cost of Medicare Part B is $96.40 per month this year, and it goes up every year. In addition to Medicare Parts A and B, many retirees buy Medigap policies for uncovered services like dental and vision care and drugs. Depending upon where you live and the policy you choose, you can pay $55 to $300 a month. The New Mexico Retiree Health Care Authority (NMRHCA) offers Medicare supplement policies to most ERB retirees. In 1999, Medicare, private insurance and/or Medicaid paid for only about 65 percent of retirees’ overall health care expenses.
An additional feature is the Medicare prescription drug program (Medicare Part D). Those who become eligible for Medicare Part A and/or Part B can join a prescription drug plan offered in their area. By paying a small premium – around $37 a month in 2006 – those who join can get prescription drugs at lower costs. Prescription medication coverage is included in the NMRHCA Medicare supplement plans.
If you are thinking about retiring early, you may have to buy health insurance until Medicare kicks in at age 65. Fortunately, nearly all ERB retirees will be eligible for health coverage, either through NMRHCA or their employer.
In order to stay ahead of inflation, you can either invest and hope to earn an average rate higher than inflation or work longer and save more. Having more savings and income than you actually need at retirement can help to make your retirement years much more comfortable.
(This article includes excerpted material from “Taking the Mystery Out of Retirement Planning,” U.S. Department of Labor, Sept. 2006.)
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New Mexico Educational Retirement Board (NMERB)
Managing the Retirement Assets of New Mexico's Educators
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